100 Million Farmers UPSC 2024

100 Million Farmers UPSC 2024 pre Question

Which one of the following is the correct description of “100 Million Farmers”?

(a)      It is a platform for accelerating the transition towards food and water systems that are net-zero (carbon), nature-positive and that aims to increase farmer resilience.
(b) It is an international alliance and a network of individuals and farming organizations interested in supporting and strengthening the development of organic animal husbandry.

(c)      It is a digital platform fully integrated with service providers and built on blockchain that lets buyers, sellers and third parties trade fertilizers quickly and securely.

(d)      It is a platform with a mission of encouraging the farmers to form Farmer Product Organisations or Agribusiness Consortiums, thus facilitating the access to global open markets to sell their products.

Correct Answer: (a) It is a platform for accelerating the transition towards food and water systems that are net-zero (carbon), nature-positive and that aims to increase farmer resilience.

Explanation:
The “100 Million Farmers” initiative is designed to accelerate the transition to sustainable food and water systems, focusing on reducing carbon emissions, promoting nature-positive practices, and increasing farmer resilience.
Possible Sources: Information on sustainable agriculture initiatives and climate resilience programs.

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The 100 Million Farmers initiative aims to address the challenges faced by the agricultural sector globally, focusing on sustainability, productivity, and resilience to climate change. Here is a detailed analysis of this initiative:

Objectives and Goals of 100 Million Farmers 

1. Sustainable Agriculture: Promote practices that enhance productivity while ensuring environmental sustainability.
2. Climate Resilience: Equip farmers with knowledge and tools to adapt to climate change.
3. Economic Viability: Improve the economic conditions of farmers through better market access and financial support.
4. Technology Integration: Utilize advanced technologies such as precision agriculture, digital platforms, and biotechnology.

Key Components of 100 Million Farmers 

1. Training and Education:
   • Provide farmers with training on sustainable farming practices.
   • Conduct workshops and seminars on climate-resilient agriculture.
   • Develop educational materials and resources accessible to farmers worldwide.
2. Access to Resources:
   • Ensure availability of high-quality seeds, fertilizers, and equipment.
   • Promote the use of renewable energy sources in farming.
   • Facilitate access to water resources through efficient irrigation systems.
3. Financial Support:
   • Provide microloans and financial assistance to smallholder farmers.
   • Develop insurance schemes to protect farmers against crop failure.
   • Encourage investment in rural infrastructure.
4. Market Access:
   • Establish cooperatives and farmer associations to improve bargaining power.
   • Create direct linkages between farmers and markets to eliminate middlemen.
   • Promote fair trade practices and certification.
5. Technology Adoption:
   • Introduce precision farming tools to optimize resource use.
   • Implement data analytics for better crop management.
   • Develop mobile applications for real-time information on weather, pests, and market prices.
6. Policy Advocacy:
   • Work with governments to develop farmer-friendly policies.
   • Advocate for subsidies and incentives for sustainable practices.
   • Push for land tenure reforms to secure farmers’ land rights.

Challenges of 100 Million Farmers 

1. Resource Constraints:
   • Limited access to capital and inputs.
   • Inadequate infrastructure in rural areas.
2. Climate Change:
   • Increased frequency of extreme weather events.
   • Degradation of soil health and water resources.
3. Market Volatility:
   • Fluctuating prices for agricultural produce.
   • Dependence on a few crops for income.
4. Technological Barriers:
   • Low adoption rate of advanced technologies.
   • Limited digital literacy among farmers.
5. Policy and Governance:
   • Inconsistent policies and lack of enforcement.
   • Corruption and bureaucratic hurdles.

Case Studies related to 100 Million Farmers 

1. India’s Green Revolution:
   • Successes: Dramatic increase in crop yields and food security.
   • Challenges: Environmental degradation and regional disparities.
2. Brazil’s Zero Hunger Program:
   • Successes: Reduction in hunger and poverty.
   • Challenges: Dependence on government subsidies and market fluctuations.
3. Kenya’s Digital Agriculture:
   • Successes: Increased access to market information and financial services through mobile technology.
   • Challenges: Digital divide and access to technology.

Future Directions for 100 Million Farm

1. Integrated Farming Systems:
   • Promote agroforestry and mixed farming to enhance biodiversity and resilience.
2. Climate-Smart Agriculture:
   • Focus on practices that mitigate and adapt to climate change impacts.
3. Community-Led Initiatives:
   • Empower local communities to take charge of agricultural development.
4. Research and Innovation:
   • Invest in agricultural research to develop new crop varieties and sustainable practices.
5. Global Collaboration:
   • Foster international partnerships to share knowledge and resources.

Conclusion

The “100 Million Farmers” initiative represents a comprehensive approach to transforming global agriculture. By focusing on sustainability, climate resilience, economic viability, and technological integration, it aims to create a robust agricultural sector that can meet the needs of the growing global population while preserving the environment for future generations.

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Other Initiatives By the Government For The Welfare of The farmers

1. PM-Kisan (Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi): Provides financial support of ₹6,000 per year to small and marginal farmers, credited directly to their bank accounts in three installments.
2. Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY): Offers crop insurance to farmers against natural calamities, pests, and diseases. It helps reduce the financial burden on farmers due to crop loss.
3. Kisan Credit Card (KCC): Provides farmers with timely access to credit for crop cultivation, purchase of inputs, and other agricultural activities at a lower interest rate.
4. Soil Health Card Scheme: Aims to assess the nutrient content of the soil, provide recommendations to improve soil health, and increase crop productivity.
5. Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY): Focuses on improving irrigation facilities, promoting water efficiency, and ensuring ‘per drop more crop’ through better irrigation infrastructure.
6. National Agriculture Market (e-NAM): An online trading platform that connects farmers with buyers and provides them with better access to markets, allowing them to get fair prices for their produce.
7. PM-AASHA (Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay SanraksHan Abhiyan): Ensures Minimum Support Price (MSP) is provided to farmers for their produce, and enhances income security for farmers.

These initiatives aim to boost agricultural productivity, ensure financial security, and improve the livelihood of farmers across the country.

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