Author name: Shabbu IAS

Afghanistan Cuts Pakistan’s Water Supply: A New Conflict Brews Tensions between Afghanistan and Pakistan have escalated after Afghanistan reportedly cut off a major portion of water flowing into Pakistan. The move comes amid growing diplomatic strain and longstanding disputes over water rights, particularly concerning the Helmand River, which originates in Afghanistan and flows into Pakistan’s Balochistan province. Background of the Water Dispute The core of the issue lies in the Helmand River and its allocation. Although a water-sharing agreement was signed between Afghanistan and Iran in 1973, no formal water treaty exists between Afghanistan and Pakistan. As Afghanistan continues to build dams and irrigation projects, it has started regulating the river’s flow — leading to accusations from Pakistan of unfair water diversion. Why Did Afghanistan Cut the Supply? Afghanistan claims it is exercising its sovereign right to manage its water resources for domestic use and development. Reports suggest that recent infrastructure projects like the Kamal Khan Dam have enabled Afghan authorities to control water flow more tightly, which has resulted in reduced downstream supply to Pakistan. Pakistan’s Reaction Pakistan has expressed deep concern over the issue, stating that the sudden cut in water supply is affecting agricultural lands and communities in southwestern regions. Officials have called for urgent diplomatic talks and warned that the move could destabilize regional peace if not resolved amicably. Regional and Environmental Impact The dispute could exacerbate environmental stress in the already water-scarce areas of Balochistan. It also raises fears of a broader regional water crisis, with experts warning that climate change, lack of agreements, and political instability could turn water into a source of future conflict in South Asia. What’s Next? There is an urgent need for both countries to engage in meaningful dialogue and establish a legal water-sharing agreement. Without cooperation, such disputes may lead to deeper mistrust and conflict in an already volatile region.

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